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Originally known as the National Fellowship of Brethren Churches, the Fellowship of Grace Brethren Churches split from the Brethren Church in 1939, although its roots go back to the Church of the Brethren and earlier, the Schwarzenau Brethren movement of Alexander Mack. In the early 1900s, differing viewpoints emerged within the Brethren Church. The Brethren Church had rejected classical liberal theology in 1921, but a growing movement toward fundamentalism conflicted with traditional Brethrenism. While the fundamentalists wanted strongly worded articles of faith, the traditionalists stressed greater autonomy for local congregations. The classic dispensationalist beliefs held by the fundamentalists largely dismissed the Sermon on the Mount as being irrelevant for the current times, while the traditional Brethren position was that the New Testament was their rule and practice. Tensions came to a head in the late 1930s over Ashland College, a Brethren school that was in the process of becoming more secular, and Grace Theological Seminary, which was created by the fundamentalists. In 1939, the fundamentalist group formed the National Fellowship of Brethren Churches, and became the Fellowship of Grace Brethren Churches in 1987. In 1990, a division in the Grace Brethren Churches occurred, largely over the issue involving open membership to individuals who had not been baptized by triune immersion, forming the Conservative Grace Brethren Association, which became the Conservative Grace Brethren Churches International in 1992. Members of the Grace Brethren Churches believe in the Trinity, the infallibility of the Bible, salvation by grace alone, but that the grace that saves is that which produces obedience. The Church encourages baptism by triune immersion, as well as the practice of the bread and cup, washing of feet, and the sharing of a meal at communion, and additional biblical symbolic actions, such as anointing with oil and the laying on of hands for ministry.

 

 

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