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Designed in 1967, Logo is an educational programming language, widely known for its use of turtle graphics.

Today, there are several dialects of the language, with significant differences between them. Additionally, turtle graphics programs, unrelated to the Logo programming language, have been developed using the name Logo.

Created at Bolt, Beranek and Newman, a Massachusetts research firm, by Wally Feurzeig, Cynthia Solomon, and Seymore Papert, the intellectual roots of the language are in artificial intelligence, developmental psychology, and mathematical logic, while its programming roots are in Lisp. The first four years of the language's development was at BBN.

The first implementation of Logo was called Ghost. The goal was to design a mathematical land where children could play with words and sentences. Patterned on Lisp, it was designed to be a powerful programming language with informative error messages, and its use of visible turtles was intended to provide immediate visual feedback and debugging of graphic programming.

In 1969, a working Logo turtle robot was created. It was a tethered floor roamer, and not radio-controlled or wireless. This led to the virtual robot in Logo, which was an onscreen cursor, generally displayed as a turtle or a triangle icon, and Turtle graphics were added to the Logo language in the late 1960s. The turtle moves with commands that are relative to its own position. RIGHT 90 means spin right by 90 degrees. Some implementations of the language support collision detection and may allow users to redefine the appearance of the turtle cursor, in effect using the turtle as a sprite. MSWLogo supports multiple turtles and 3D graphics, as well as input from COM ports and LPT ports, as well as the production of simple GIF animations.

Over the years, there have been several implementations of the language, some of which remain active while others were for systems that are obsolete. These implementations include Acornsoft Logo, Apple Logo, Atari Logo, aUCBLogo, Color Logo, Commodore Logo, Dr. Logo, ExperLogo, FMSLogo, Hot-Logo, Imagine Logo, LibreLogo, Logo3D, MicroWorlds Logo, MSWLogo, NetLogo, ObjectLogo, POOL, QLogo, StarLogo, TI Logo, and UCBLogo.

Logo was a significant influence on the Smalltalk programming language, although that is a separate language with its own category here.

The focus of this category is the Logo programming language, which includes any of its dialects or implementations. Any IDEs, editors, or other tools designed to be used in Logo programming are appropriate for this category, as are Logo user groups, forums, guides, or tutorials.

 

 

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