Squash is a racquet sport played in an enclosed four-walled court.
Typically, squash is played between two players, although there are variations, such as doubles squash, where four players compete.
The dimensions of a squash court can vary, although they are usually around 32 feet in length and 21 feet in width. A lower section of the front wall is made of tinplate, and the playable area is above that. The other three walls are used for rallying the ball.
The game's scoring system is known as "hand-in, hand-out," which means that the server continues to serve as long as they win points, which can only be scored by the server. Games are usually played up to 9 or 11 points, depending on the rules agreed upon at the start of the game. The server must hit the ball directly onto the front wall above the tin, ensuring it bounces into the opposite back quarter of the court. The ball must cross the service line, which is about halfway between the tin and the back wall. Players take turns hitting the ball against the front wall, striving to make it as difficult as possible for their opponent to return. The ball must be hit before it bounces twice, and players can use the side walls to create angles. Points are won when one player fails to return the ball within the rules. This can happen if the ball hits the tin, goes out of bounds, or if a player fails to make a legal return.
Squash is most popular in the United Kingdom, Egypt, Australia, and the United States, where it is played at both the amateur and professional levels. It is gaining popularity in Canada, New Zealand, India, Pakistan, and South Africa. In the United States, squash courts are not as readily available as those for other sports, but they can be found in several urban areas.
For those interested in getting started in the sport, the best way is to check for local squash clubs. These clubs often offer membership options and access to courts, and may provide coaching for new players, as well as organizing regular games and tournaments. Fitness centers in urban areas might include squash courts as part of their facilities, along with equipment rentals, introductory classes, and opportunities for play. Colleges, universities, and some larger high schools might have squash courts. Some educational institutions allow non-students to access their facilities for a fee.
Additionally, the Internet is a valuable resource for finding squash courts near you. Some of these may be listed below.
Information and resources for squash equipment and gear can be found in our Shopping & eCommerce section. In brief, however, the squash racquet is the most important piece of equipment. A wide variety of squash racquets are available, each designed to suit different playing styles and skill levels. Squash balls are denoted by a dot on the ball. Beginners usually start with a beginner (blue dot) ball, which has a slower bounce and is easier to control. As players progress, they can transition to faster balls with higher dot ratings, such as intermediate (red dot), advanced (single yellow dot), or professional (double yellow dot). Eye protection and non-marking indoor court shoes are recommended, and often required.
Interestingly, the origins of squash are in the older game of rackets, which was played in London's prisons in the early 19th century. Around 1830, boys at Harrow School noticed that a punctured ball, which squashed on impact with the wall, offered more variety to the game. From there, it spread to other schools. Over the years, the balls and racquets were modified. In the 20th century, the game spread, with schools, clubs, and private residents building squash courts, although there were no set dimensions. The first dedicated squash court in the United States was at St. Paul's School in Concord, New Hampshire, in 1884. Interestingly, the RMS Titanic featured a squash court for first-class passengers, with a viewing gallery one level higher.
In 1904, the United States Squash Racquets Association was formed in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. This organization is now known as U.S. Squash. In 1907, the Tennis, Rackets & Fives Association of Queens, New York, established a subcommittee to set standards for the game, which published its rules in 1912. In 1923, the Royal Automobile Club of London hosted a meeting to discuss rules and regulations for the game. Five years later, the Squash Rackets Association (England Squash) was formed to set standards for the game in Great Britain and internationally.
Today, there are several variations of the game played across the world. However, the international version has become the dominant one. In the U.S., a variant known as hardball was played with a harder ball, but it has lost much of its popularity in favor of the international rules.
 
 
Recommended Resources
Maintained by a long-time squash player who established it to share in-depth information, personal insights, and practical resources about the game. It caters to players at all levels by featuring articles such as equipment reviews, detailed tutorials on skills and tactics, and engaging guides for beginners, including the game's history. Its content often goes beyond just technical advice, emphasizing the social side of playing squash, such as camaraderie that extends off the court.
https://madaboutsquash.com/
The international squash tour is organized by the Professional Squash Association (PSA). The most important tournaments in the series are the PSA World Championship for Men's and Women's, and it also features two circuits of regular events: the PSA World Events and PSA Challenger Events. Tournaments, rankings, and ticket sales are highlighted, along with replays, coaching news, live play, live scores, and several regular features. Official partners are acknowledged.
https://www.psasquashtour.com/
Primarily, the Squash Info website serves as a dynamic database, offering up-to-date information on player rankings, tournament schedules, match results, and historical records. The site is widely recognized and utilized by fans, players, and officials alike for its detailed and reliable statistics and analysis of professional squash competitions. The World Squash Federation has entered into an affiliation with the site, along with other key organizations representing the sport.
https://www.squashinfo.com/
Squash Magazine is the official publication of U.S. Squash and serves as a comprehensive hub for squash information, from the latest news and features to technical insights and community perspectives. The magazine covers a range of topics that appeal to players, coaches, club managers, and anyone passionate about the game. Its Scoresheets section features books, milestones, professionals, juniors, college, doubles, masters, and a column by Will Carlin.
https://squashmagazine.com/
Established in 1976, Squash Ontario is a not-for-profit organization dedicated to promoting and managing squash throughout the province of Ontario. The organization is recognized by the Ministry of Tourism, Culture, and Sport as the Provincial Sport Organization for squash in Ontario. Affiliated squash clubs, public camps, and programs are highlighted, along with notable athletes, including those in the Hall of Fame. A shopping area offers branded apparel and a coaching manual.
https://www.squashontario.com/
Home to Squash Player Magazine, a publication dedicated to celebrating and detailing all aspects of the game of squash, the website highlights its subscription and membership options, which include its BLUE DOT digital membership and its RED DOT print plus digital membership. The website also offers newsletters and features a range of articles, from historical insights to contemporary profiles and exclusive interviews. The magazine has been around for over 50 years.
https://squashplayer.com/
Published from 1992 to 2023, Squash Player is no longer in operation, although its content is archived here. Content since 2023 can be found on the .com version of the site. Archived news, results, calendar, events, players, clubs, rules, features, gear, a directory, workshop, promotions, regular features and columns, and access to digital copies of the magazine are available here, along with links to other resources, and contacts, which may or may not still be valid.
http://www.squashplayer.co.uk/
Dedicated to the sport of squash, the site offers a comprehensive range of information, including the latest squash news, tournament schedules, match results, exclusive interviews, and features with top players. The platform provides detailed tournament calendars and multimedia content, including podcasts, player profiles, and coverage of specialized events, such as the National Squash League. The site is renowned for its regular updates and extensive archives. Job opportunities are posted.
https://thesquashsite.com/
Squash TV is a leading digital platform dedicated solely to squash, serving as a hub for live streaming and replays of over 20 international tournaments, including more than 800 live matches, exclusive features, documentaries, and coaching content. Operating in close alignment with the PSA Squash Tour, Squash TV ensures that viewers can experience key matchups like the PSA World Championships, along with in-depth coverage of tournaments like the British Open, Paris Squash, and others.
https://www.squash.tv/
Founded in 1904 and previously called the United States Squash Racquets Association, US Squash is the national governing body for the sport of squash in the United States. Headquartered in Philadelphia, the organization is a member of the U.S. Olympic Committee and owns and licenses the US Open, the North American Open, and all other U.S. championships. Team USA is highlighted, along with membership information, volunteer opportunities, tournaments, leagues, clubs, and districts.
https://ussquash.org/
Formed in 1967 as the World Squash Federation, World Squash is recognized by the International Olympic Committee and is a member of the Global Association of International Sports Federations and the Association of the IOC Recognised International Sports Federations. Originally controlled by the Squash Rackets Association of England and the United States Squash Rackets Association, today it is the international federation for the sport. Several resources are available.
https://www.worldsquash.org/